HMPV: In India, several of the human metapneumovirus (hMPV) cases detected so far have involved children. The virus primarily affects young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. A 9-month-old child and a 59-year-old man in Gujarat tested positive for hMPV on Saturday, as did a 10-month-old child in Assam and a 3-year-old in Puducherry.
The Indian Council of Medical Research has said that hMPV has already been in circulation globally, including in India. Identified in 2001, hMPV spreads through direct contact with infected people or contaminated surfaces. It mimics common cold and influenza symptoms. HMPV causes mild respiratory symptoms, such as cough, fever, and blocked nose. According to the WHO, while anyone can catch hMPV, “infants, older adults, and those with health conditions like immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are at higher risk for severe illness”.
Dr Raghavendra Prakash, MBBS, DNB, Fellowship in Critical Care Medicine, senior consultant physician, The Bangalore Hospital, spoke to ABP Live and shared tips on how to help your children stay safe from hMPV. He also offered advice on what to do if one child under your care gets affected with hMPV and you wish to keep the other children in the family safe.
ABP: If a child in a school is infected, how likely is it that other kids may catch an hMPV infection?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets, aerosols, and contaminated surfaces, making it highly contagious in close-contact environments like schools. The likelihood of other children contracting the infection depends on factors such as hygiene practices, ventilation, and the immune strength of exposed individuals. Since children often share toys, supplies, and come into close contact, the risk is significant. Preventive measures like isolating the infected child, cleaning surfaces, and encouraging frequent handwashing can minimise the spread.
ABP: If one child catches an hMPV infection, how likely is it that a sibling will be infected?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: Siblings are at a high risk of contracting hMPV due to the shared household environment and close interactions. Touching shared objects, hugging, or playing together increase transmission chances. The risk is heightened if siblings have weaker immune systems. Practising good hygiene, isolating the infected child, and cleaning surfaces can reduce the likelihood of transmission among siblings. However, the child should not be isolated from their parents or caretakers in any case.
ABP: What steps to take if one of your children catches an hMPV infection and the others are uninfected?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: Isolate the infected child in a separate, well-ventilated room. Encourage all family members to wash their hands frequently with soap and water. Use disinfectants to clean commonly touched surfaces such as doorknobs, toys, and shared devices. Ensure the uninfected children avoid close contact with the sick sibling. Teach them to avoid touching their face, nose, and mouth. Avoid sharing items like utensils, towels, or blankets. Keep the house ventilated and consider wearing masks if physical distancing isn’t possible.
ABP: Should children with hMPV be allowed to go to school and playground, or engage in other social activities?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: Children with hMPV should not attend school or social activities, or go to playgrounds, until they recover completely. HMPV is contagious and can easily spread to other children in close-contact settings. Keeping the child at home helps limit the spread of the virus and protects others, especially those at high risk, such as infants or children with weaker immune systems. Once symptoms subside and the child is no longer infectious, they can return to their usual activities.
ABP: How to care for a child suspected to be affected by hMPV?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: Provide rest and plenty of fluids to keep the child hydrated. Monitor symptoms like fever, cough, wheezing, or difficulty breathing. Use saline sprays or humidifiers to relieve nasal congestion and breathing discomfort. Over-the-counter medications, such as fever reducers, can be used if recommended by a doctor. Encourage handwashing and maintain good hygiene to prevent further spread. If symptoms worsen or persist beyond two weeks, seek medical attention for a thorough evaluation.
ABP: How to care for a child who has been confirmed as an hMPV patient?
Dr Raghavendra Prakash: Focus on symptom management by ensuring rest, hydration, and nutrition. Use a humidifier to ease breathing and alleviate congestion. Monitor for worsening symptoms, such as severe cough, shortness of breath, or signs of dehydration. Avoid giving unnecessary antibiotics, as they do not work against viruses. Regularly clean surfaces and objects the child uses. If symptoms worsen significantly, such as persistent high fever or breathing difficulties, consult a healthcare provider for further care.
The writer is a senior independent journalist.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or health concern.
Check out below Health Tools-
Calculate Your Body Mass Index ( BMI )